Mobile, Alabama Mobile, Alabama City of Mobile From top: Pincus Building, Old City Hall and Southern Market, Fort Conde, Barton Academy, Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, and the horizon of downtown Mobile from the Mobile River.
From top: Pincus Building, Old City Hall and Southern Market, Fort Conde, Barton Academy, Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, and the horizon of downtown Mobile from the Mobile River.
Flag of Mobile, Alabama Flag Official seal of Mobile, Alabama Location in Mobile County and the state of Alabama Location in Mobile County and the state of Alabama Mobile, Alabama is positioned in the US Mobile, Alabama - Mobile, Alabama County Mobile Waterways Mobile River Seaports Port of Mobile Website City of Mobile Mobile (/mo bi l/ moh-beel; French pronunciation: [m .bil]) is the governmental center of county of Mobile County, Alabama, United States.
The populace inside the town/city limits was 195,111 as of the 2010 United States Census, making it the third most crowded city in Alabama, the most crowded in Mobile County, and the biggest municipality on the Gulf Coast between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St.
Alabama's only saltwater port, Mobile is positioned at the head of the Mobile Bay and the north-central Gulf Coast. The Port of Mobile has always played a major part in the economic community of the town/city beginning with the town/city as a key trading center between the French and Native Americans down to its current part as the 12th-largest port in the United States. Mobile is the principal municipality of the Mobile urbane area.
This region of 412,992 inhabitants is composed solely of Mobile County; it is the third-largest urbane statistical region in the state. Mobile is the biggest city in the Mobile-Daphne Fairhope CSA, with a total populace of 604,726, the second biggest in the state. As of 2011, the populace inside a 60-mile (100 km) radius of Mobile is 1,262,907. Mobile first became a part of the United States of America in 1813, with the annexation of West Florida under President James Madison.
As one of the Gulf Coast's cultural centers, Mobile has a several art exhibitions, a symphony orchestra, a experienced opera, a experienced ballet company, and a large concentration of historic architecture. Mobile is known for having the earliest organized Carnival celebrations in the United States.
Mobile was host to the first formally organized Carnival mystic society, known elsewhere as a krewe, to jubilate with a parade in the United States, beginning in 1830. In 2005 the first integrated mystic society had a parade for Mardi Gras.
10.1.1 Port of Mobile 10.1.3 Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley The town/city gained its name from the Mobile tribe that the French colonists encountered living in the region of Mobile Bay. Although debated by Alabama historians, they may have been descendants of the Native American tribe whose small fortress town, Mabila, was used to conceal a several thousand native warriors before an attack in 1540 on the expedition of Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto. The Mobile tribe, along with the Tohome, obtained permission from the colonists, about seven years after the beginning of the Mobile settlement, to settle near the fort. See also: History of Mobile, Alabama and Timeline of Mobile, Alabama The European settlement of Mobile began with French colonists, who in 1702 constructed Fort Louis de la Louisiane, at Twenty-seven Mile Bluff on the Mobile River, as the first capital of the French colony of La Louisiane.
Mobile's Roman Catholic church was established on July 20, 1703, by Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrieres de Saint-Vallier, Bishop of Quebec. The church was the first French Catholic church established on the Gulf Coast of the United States. In 1704 the ship Pelican bringed 23 French women to the colony; passengers had contracted yellow fever at a stop in Havana. Although most of the "Pelican girls" recovered, various colonists and neighboring Native Americans contracted the disease in turn and died. This early reconstructionwas also the occasion of the importation of the first African slaves, transported aboard a French supply ship from Saint-Domingue in the Caribbean. The populace of the colony fluctuated over the next several years, burgeoning to 279 persons by 1708, yet descending to 178 persons two years later due to disease. These additional outbreaks of disease and a series of floods resulted in Bienville ordering that the settlement be relocated in 1711 a several miles downriver to its present locale at the confluence of the Mobile River and Mobile Bay. A new earth-and-palisade Fort Louis was constructed at the new site amid this time. By 1712, when Antoine Crozat was appointed to take over administration of the colony, its populace had reached 400 persons.
Mobile and the pentagonal Fort Conde in 1725 The capital of La Louisiane was moved in 1720 to Biloxi, leaving Mobile to serve as a county-wide military and trading center.
The British were eager not to lose any useful inhabitants and promised theological tolerance to the French colonists; ultimately 112 French colonists remained in Mobile. The first permanent Jewish pioneer came to Mobile in 1763 as a result of the new British rule and theological tolerance.
Most of these colonial-era Jews in Mobile were merchants and traders from Sephardic Jewish communities in Savannah, Georgia and Charleston, South Carolina; they added to the commercial evolution of Mobile. In 1766 the total populace was estimated to be 860, though the town's borders were lesser than amid the French colonial period. During the American Revolutionary War, West Florida and Mobile became a refuge for loyalists fleeing the other colonies. They took the opportunity to order Bernardo de Galvez, Governor of Louisiana, on an expedition east to retake West Florida. He captured Mobile amid the Battle of Fort Charlotte in 1780, as part of this campaign.
Due to strong trade ties, many inhabitants of Mobile and West Florida remained loyal to the British Crown. The Spanish retitled the fort as Fortaleza Carlota, and held Mobile as a part of Spanish West Florida until 1813, when it was seized by United States General James Wilkinson amid the War of 1812. By the time Mobile was encompassed in the Mississippi Territory in 1813, the populace had dwindled to roughly 300 citizens . The town/city was encompassed in the Alabama Territory in 1817, after Mississippi attained statehood.
Alabama was granted statehood in 1819; Mobile's populace had increased to 809 by that time. As the river frontage areas of Alabama and Mississippi were settled by planters who advanced the cotton plantation economy with the use of slave labor, Mobile's populace exploded.
It came to be settled by attorneys, cotton factors, doctors, merchants and other professionals seeking to capitalize on trade with the upriver areas. Mobile was well situated for trade, as its locale tied it to a river fitness that served as the principal navigational access for most of Alabama and a large part of Mississippi.
From the 1830s forward , Mobile period into a town/city of commerce with a major focus on the cotton and slave trades.
The city's booming businesses thriving merchants from the North; by 1850 10% of its populace was from New York City, which was deeply involved in the cotton industry. Mobile was the slave-trading center of the state until the 1850s, when it was surpassed by Montgomery. This was cut short in part by the Panic of 1837 and yellow fever epidemics. The waterfront was advanced with wharves, terminal facilities, and fireproof brick warehouses. The exports of cotton interval in proportion to the amounts being produced in the Black Belt; by 1840 Mobile was second only to New Orleans in cotton exports in the nation. With the economy so concentrated on one crop, Mobile's fortunes were always tied to those of cotton, and the town/city weathered many financial crises. Mobile slaveholders owned mostly several slaves compared to planters in the upland plantation areas, but many homeholds had domestic slaves, and many other slaves worked on the waterfront and on riverboats.
The last slaves to enter the United States from the African trade were brought to Mobile on the slave ship Clotilde.
Steamboats bound for inland Alabama and Mississippi being loaded at Mobile's dockyards.
By 1853, fifty Jewish families lived in Mobile, including Philip Phillips, an attorney from Charleston, South Carolina, who was propel to the Alabama State Legislature and then to the United States Congress.
By 1860 Mobile's populace inside the town/city limits had reached 29,258 citizens ; it was the 27th-largest town/city in the United States and 4th-largest in what would soon be the Confederate States of America. The no-charge populace in the whole of Mobile County, including the city, consisted of 29,754 people, of which 1,195 were no-charge citizens of color. Additionally, 1,785 slave owners in the county held 11,376 citizens in bondage, about one-quarter of the total county populace of 41,130 citizens . During the American Civil War, Mobile was a Confederate city.
Hunley, the first submarine to sink an enemy ship, was assembled in Mobile. One of the most famous naval engagements of the war was the Battle of Mobile Bay, resulting in the Union taking control of Mobile Bay on August 5, 1864. On April 12, 1865, three days after Robert E.
Mobile Cotton Exchange and Chamber of Commerce building, instead of in 1886.
The explosion left a 30-foot (9 m) deep hole at the depot's location, and sank ships docked on the Mobile River; the resulting fires finished the northern portion of the city. Federal Reconstruction in Mobile began after the Civil War and effectively ended in 1874 when the small-town Democrats attained control of the town/city government. The last quarter of the 19th century was a time of economic depression and municipal insolvency for Mobile.
The economic structure advanced with new industries, generating new jobs and attracting a momentous increase in population. The populace increased from around 40,000 in 1900 to 60,000 by 1920. During this time the town/city received $3 million in federal grants for harbor improvements to deepen the shipping channels. During and after World War I, manufacturing became increasingly vital to Mobile's economic health, with ship assembly and steel manufacturing being two of the most meaningful industries. During this time, civil justice and race relations in Mobile worsened, however. The state passed a new constitution in 1901 that disenfranchised most blacks and many poor whites; and the white Democratic-dominated council passed other discriminatory legislation.
In 1902, the town/city government passed Mobile's first ethnic segregation ordinance, segregating the town/city streetcars.
It legislated what had been informal practice, enforced by convention. Mobile's black population responded to this with a two-month boycott, but the law was not repealed. After this, Mobile's de facto segregation was increasingly replaced with legislated segregation as caucasians imposed Jim Crow laws to maintain supremacy. Mobile was one of the last metros/cities to retain this form of government, which inhibited lesser groups from electing candidates of their choice.
The red imported fire ant was first introduced into the United States via the Port of Mobile.
During World War II, the defense buildup in Mobile shipyards resulted in a considerable increase in the city's white middle-class and working-class population, largely due to the massive influx of workers coming to work in the shipyards and at the Brookley Army Air Field. Between 1940 and 1943, more than 89,000 citizens moved into Mobile to work for war accomplishment industries. Mobile was one of eighteen United States metros/cities producing Liberty ships.
During the 1950s the City of Mobile integrated its law enforcement and Spring Hill College accepted students of all competitions.
The town/city of Mobile did not establish a Cater Act board until 1962.
The Mobile Area Chamber of Commerce, believing its members were better qualified to attract new businesses and trade to the area, considered the new IDB as a serious rival.
While Mc - Nally's IDB prompted the Chamber of Commerce to turn into more proactive in attracting new industry, the chamber effectively shut Mobile town/city government out of economic evolution decisions. In 1963, three black students brought a case against the Mobile County School Board for being denied admission to Murphy High School. This was nearly a decade after the United States Supreme Court had ruled in Brown v.
The federal precinct court ordered that the three students be admitted to Murphy for the 1964 school year, dominant to the desegregation of Mobile County's school system. Buildings include (L to R): Renaissance Mobile Riverview Plaza Hotel, RSA Bank - Trust Building, Arthur C.
Mobile's town/city commission form of government was challenged and finally overturned in 1982 in City of Mobile v.
Mobile's state legislative delegation in 1985 finally enacted a mayor-council form of government, with seven members propel from single-member districts.
Beginning in the late 1980s, newly propel mayor Mike Dow and the town/city council began an accomplishment termed the "String of Pearls Initiative" to make Mobile into a competing city. The town/city initiated assembly of various new facilities and projects, and the restoration of hundreds of historic downtown buildings and homes. City and county leaders also made accomplishments to attract new company ventures to the area. state of Alabama. According to the United States Enumeration Bureau, the town/city has a total region of 159.4 square miles (413 km2), with 117.9 square miles (305 km2) of it being land, and 41.5 square miles (107.5 km2), or 26.1% of the total, being veiled by water. The altitude in Mobile ranges from 10 feet (3 m) on Water Street in downtown to 211 feet (64 m) at the Mobile Regional Airport. Mobile has a number of notable historic neighborhoods.
Determined that Mobile is the wettest town/city in the adjoining 48 states, with 66.3 inches (1,680 mm) of average annual rainfall over a 30-year period. Mobile averages 120 days per year with at least 0.01 inches (0.3 mm) of rain.
Mobile is occasionally affected by primary tropical storms and hurricanes. The town/city suffered a primary natural disaster on the evening of September 12, 1979, when category-3 Hurricane Frederic passed over the heart of the city.
The storm caused tremendous damage to Mobile and the encircling area. Mobile had moderate damage from Hurricane Opal on October 4, 1995, and Hurricane Ivan on September 16, 2004. Mobile suffered millions of dollars in damage from Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005, which damaged much of the Gulf Coast cities.
Climate data for Mobile, Alabama (Mobile Regional Airport, 1981 2010) In addition to residentiary structures, the tornado caused momentous damage to the Carmelite Monastery, Little Flower Catholic Church, commercial real estate along Airport Boulevard and Government Street in the Midtown at the Loop neighborhood, Murphy High School, Trinity Episcopal Church, Springhill Avenue Temple, and Mobile Infirmary Hospital before moving into the neighboring town/city of Prichard. The tornado was classified as an EF2 tornado by the National Weather Service on December 26. Mobile's French and Spanish colonial history has given it a culture distinguished by French, Spanish, Creole, African and Catholic heritage, in addition to later British and American influences.
Mobile is the place of birth of the celebration of Mardi Gras in the United States and has the earliest celebration, dating to the early 18th century amid the French colonial period. Carnival in Mobile evolved over the course of 300 years from a beginning as a sedate French Catholic tradition into the mainstream multi-week celebration that today bridges a spectrum of cultures. Mobile's official cultural ambassadors are the Azalea Trail Maids, meant to embody the ideals of Southern hospitality. In Mobile, locals often use the term Mardi Gras as a shorthand to refer to the entire Carnival season.
Carnival was first jubilated in Mobile in 1703 when colonial French Catholic pioneer carried out their traditional celebration at the Old Mobile Site, before to the 1711 relocation of the town/city to the current site. Mobile's first Carnival society was established in 1711 with the Boeuf Gras Society (Fatted Ox Society). Celebrations were mostly small and consisted of local, private parties until the early 19th century.
In 1830 Mobile's Cowbellion de Rakin Society was the first formally organized and masked mystic society in the United States to jubilate with a parade. The Cowbellions got their start when Michael Krafft, a cotton factor from Pennsylvania, began a parade with rakes, hoes, and cowbells. The Cowbellians introduced horse-drawn floats to the parades in 1840 with a parade entitled "Heathen Gods and Goddesses". The Striker's Independent Society, formed in 1843, is the earliest surviving mystic society in the United States. Carnival celebrations in Mobile were canceled amid the American Civil War.
He jubilated the day in front of the occupying Union Army troops. In 2002, Mobile's Tricentennial jubilated with parades that represented all of the city's mystic societies. The Conde Explorers were featured in the award-winning documentary, The Order of Myths (2008), by Margaret Brown about Mobile's Mardi Gras. The National African American Archives and Museum features the history of black participation in Mardi Gras, authentic artifacts from the era of slavery, and portraits and biographies of famous African Americans. The University of South Alabama Archives homes major source material relating to the history of Mobile and southern Alabama, as well as the university's history.
The Mobile Municipal Archives contains the extant records of the City of Mobile, dating from the city's creation as a municipality by the Mississippi Territory in 1814.
The majority of the initial records of Mobile's colonial history, spanning the years 1702 through 1813, are homed in Paris, London, Seville, and Madrid. The Mobile Genealogical Society Library and Media Center is positioned at the Holy Family Catholic Church and School complex.
The Mobile Public Library fitness serves Mobile and consists of eight chapters athwart Mobile County; its large small-town history and genealogy division is homed in a facility next to the newly restored and enlarged Ben May Main Library on Government Street. The Saint Ignatius Archives, Museum and Theological Research Library contains major sources, artifacts, documents, photographs and publications that pertain to the history of Saint Ignatius Church and School, the Catholic history of the city, and the history of the Roman Catholic Church. The Mobile Museum of Art in 2010.
The Mobile Museum of Art features permanent exhibits that span a several centuries of art and culture.
It is home to the Mobile Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Maestro Scott Speck. Space 301 Gallery and Studio was initially homed adjoining to the Saenger, but moved to its own space in 2008.
The Mobile Civic Center in 2007.
The Mobile Civic Center contains three facilities under one roof.
It is home to the Mobile Opera and the Mobile Ballet. The 60-year-old Mobile Opera averages about 1,200 attendees per performance. A wide range of affairs are held at Mobile's Arthur C.
The Mobile Theatre Guild is a nonprofit improve theatre that has served the town/city since 1947.
It is a member of the Mobile Arts Council, the Alabama Conference of Theatre and Speech, the Southeastern Theatre Conference, and the American Association of Community Theatres. Mobile is also host to the Joe Jefferson Players, Alabama's earliest continually running improve theatre.
The group was titled in honor of the famous comedic actor Joe Jefferson, who spend part of his teenage years in Mobile.
The Mobile Arts Council is an umbrella organization for the arts in Mobile.
Mobile is home to a range of exhibitions.
Battleship Memorial Park is a military park on the shore of Mobile Bay and features the World War II era battleship USS Alabama, the World War II era submarine USS Drum, Korean War and Vietnam War Memorials, and a range of historical military equipment. The History Museum of Mobile showcases 300 plus years of Mobile history and prehistory.
It is homed in the historic Old City Hall (1857), a National Historic Landmark. The Oakleigh Historic Complex features three home exhibitions that attempt to interpret the lives of citizens from three strata of 19th century society in Mobile, that of the enslaved, the working class, and the upper class. The Mobile Carnival Museum, housing the city's Mardi Gras history and memorabilia, documents the range of floats, costumes, and displays seen amid the history of the festival season. The Bragg-Mitchell Mansion (1855), Richards DAR House (1860), and the Conde-Charlotte House (1822) are historic, furnished antebellum home exhibitions. Fort Morgan (1819), Fort Gaines (1821), and Historic Blakeley State Park all figure dominantly in small-town American Civil War history. The Vincent-Doan House, home to the Mobile Medical Museum.
The Mobile Medical Museum is homed in the historic French colonial-style Vincent-Doan House (1827).
It features artifacts and resources that chronicle the long history of medicine in Mobile. The Phoenix Fire Museum is positioned in the restored Phoenix Volunteer Fire Company Number 6 building and features the history of fire companies in Mobile from their organization in 1838. The Mobile Police Department Museum features exhibits that chronicle the history of law enforcement in Mobile. The Gulf Coast Exploreum Science Center is a non-profit science center positioned in downtown.
It features permanent and traveling exhibits, an IMAX dome theater, a digital 3 - D virtual theater, and a hands-on chemistry laboratory. The Dauphin Island Sea Lab is positioned south of the city, on Dauphin Island near the mouth of Mobile Bay.
It homes the Estuarium, an aquarium which illustrates the four surroundings of the Mobile Bay ecosystem: the river delta, bay, barrier islands and Gulf of Mexico. The Mobile Botanical Gardens feature a range of flora spread over 100 acres (40 ha).
It contains the Millie Mc - Connell Rhododendron Garden with 1,000 evergreen and native azaleas and the 30-acre (12 ha) Longleaf Pine Habitat. Bellingrath Gardens and Home, positioned on Fowl River, is a 65-acre (26 ha) botanical garden and historic 10,500-square-foot (975 m2) mansion that dates to the 1930s. The 5 Rivers Delta Resource Center is a facility that allows visitors to learn about and access the Mobile, Tensaw, Apalachee, Middle, Blakeley, and Spanish rivers. It was established to serve as an easily accessible gateway to the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta. In addition to offering a several boat and adventure tours, it contains a small theater; exhibit hall; meeting facilities; walking trails; a canoe and kayak landing. Mobile has more than 45 enhance parks inside its limits, with some that are of special note. Bienville Square is a historic park in the Lower Dauphin Street Historic District.
It assumed its current form in 1850 and is titled for Mobile's founder, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville. It was once a principal gathering place for the people of the town/city and remains prominent today.
It features the Arches of Friendship, a fountain presented to Mobile by the town/city of Malaga, Spain. Langan Park, the biggest of the parks at 720 acres (291 ha), features lakes, natural spaces, and contains the Mobile Museum of Art, Azalea City Golf Course, Mobile Botanical Gardens and Playhouse in the Park. The Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, seat of the Archdiocese of Mobile.
Mobile has a number of historic structures in the city, including various churches and private homes.
Some of Mobile's historic churches include Christ Church Cathedral, the Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Emanuel AME Church, Government Street Presbyterian Church, St.
The Mobile City Hospital and the United States Marine Hospital are both restored Greek Revival hospital buildings that predate the Civil War.
The old United States Marine Hospital, restored and adapted for reuse by the Mobile County Health Department.
The Church Street Graveyard contains above-ground tombs and monuments spread over 4 acres (2 ha) and was established in 1819, amid the height of yellow fever epidemics. The close-by 120-acre (49 ha) Magnolia Cemetery was established in 1836 and served as Mobile's major burial site amid the 19th and early 20th centuries, with approximately 80,000 burials. It features tombs and many intricately carved monuments and statues. It contains plots for the Brothers of the Sacred Heart, Little Sisters of the Poor, Sisters of Charity, and Sisters of Mercy, in addition to many other historically momentous burials. Mobile's Jewish improve dates back to the 1820s and the town/city has two historic Jewish cemeteries, Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery and Ahavas Chesed Cemetery.
The 2010 United States Enumeration determined that there were 195,111 citizens residing inside the town/city limits of Mobile. Mobile is the center of Alabama's second-largest urbane area, which consists of all of Mobile County.
Metropolitan Mobile is estimated to have a populace of 413,936 in 2012.
See also: List of mayors of Mobile, Alabama Government Plaza in Mobile, seat of government for the town/city and the county.
Since 1985 the government of Mobile has consisted of a mayor and a seven-member town/city council. The mayor is propel at-large, and the council members are propel from each of the seven town/city council single-member districts (SMDs).
City of Mobile.
His "The String of Pearls" initiative, a series of projects designed to stimulate redevelopment of the city's core, is credited with reviving much of downtown Mobile.
Murphy High School in Midtown, originally Mobile High School.
It is one of the seventeen high schools run by the Mobile County Public School System.
Public schools in Mobile are directed by the Mobile County Public School System.
The Mobile County Public School System has an enrollment of over 65,000 students, employs approximately 8,500 enhance school employees, and had a budget in 2005 2006 of $617,162,616. The State of Alabama operates the Alabama School of Mathematics and Science on Dauphin Street in Mobile, which boards advanced Alabama high school students.
Mobile also has a large number of private schools, most of them being parochial in nature.
The private Catholic establishments include Mc - Gill-Toolen Catholic High School (1896), Corpus Christi School, Little Flower Catholic School (1934), Most Pure Heart of Mary Catholic School (1900), Saint Dominic School (1961), Saint Ignatius School (1952), Saint Mary Catholic School (1867), Saint Pius X Catholic School (1957), and Saint Vincent De - Paul Catholic School (1976). Notable private Protestant establishments include St.
Paul's Episcopal School (1947), Mobile Christian School (1961), St.
Major universities and universities in Mobile that are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools include the University of South Alabama, Spring Hill College, the University of Mobile, Faulkner University, and Bishop State Community College. The Mobile ground was established in 1975 and offers bachelor's degrees in Business Administration, Management of Human Resources, and Criminal Justice. It also offers associate degrees in Business Administration, Business Information Systems, Computer & Information Science, Criminal Justice, Informatics, Legal Studies, Arts, and Science. The University of Mobile is a four-year private Baptist-affiliated college in the neighboring town/city of Prichard that was established in 1961.
Bishop State has four campuses in Mobile and offers a wide array of associate degrees. Mobile Infirmary Medical Center in 2009.
Mobile serves the central Gulf Coast as a county-wide center for medicine, with over 850 physicians and 175 dentists.
Mobile Infirmary Medical Center has 704 beds and is the biggest nonprofit hospital in the state.
Its roots go back to 1830 with the old city-owned Mobile City Hospital and associated medical school.
A teaching hospital, it has Mobile's only level I trauma center and county-wide burn center.
Additionally, the University of South Alabama operates the University of South Alabama Children's and Women's Hospital with 219 beds, dedicated exclusively to the care of women and minors. In 2008, the University of South Alabama opened the USA Mitchell Cancer Center Institute.
Mobile Infirmary Medical Center directed Infirmary West, formerly Knollwood Hospital, with 100 acute care beds, but closed the facility at the end of October 2012 due to declining revenues. It homes a residentiary unit for children, an acute unit for kids and adolescents, and an age-segregated involuntary hospital unit for grownups undergoing evaluation ordered by the Mobile Probate Court. Port of Mobile at Chickasaw Creek.
Aerospace, steel, ship building, retail, services, construction, medicine, and manufacturing are Mobile's primary industries.
Defunct companies that were established or based in Mobile encompassed Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company, Delchamps, and Gayfers. Current companies that were formerly based in the town/city include Checkers, Minolta-QMS, Morrison's, and the Waterman Steamship Corporation. In addition to those discussed below, Always - HD, Foosackly's, Integrity Media, and Volkert, Inc.
The roll-out of the USS Coronado (LCS-4) at Austal USA shipyards on the Mobile River in January 2011.
Airbus Mobile Engineering Center at the Brookley Aeroplex in Mobile.
Port of Mobile Mobile's Alabama State Docks underwent the biggest expansion in its history by expanding its container refining and storage facility and increasing container storage at the docks by over 1,000% at a cost of over $300 million, thus positioning Mobile for rapid container refining growth. Even with the expansion of its container capabilities and the addition of two massive new cranes, the port went from 9th biggest to the 12th biggest by tonnage in the country from 2008 to 2010. Shipbuilding began to make a primary comeback in Mobile in 1999 with the beginning of Austal USA. A subsidiary of the Australian business Austal, it period its manufacturing facility for United States defense and commercial aluminum ship assembly on Blakeley Island in 2005. Austal announced in October 2012, after winning a new defense contract and completing another 30,000 square feet (2,800 m2) building inside their complex on the island, that it will grew from a workforce of 3,000 workers to 4,500 employees. The Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley is an industrialized complex and airport positioned 3 miles (5 km) south of the central company precinct of the city.
It is presently the biggest industrial and transit complex in the region with over 70 companies, many of which are aerospace, spread over 1,650 acres (668 ha). Notable employers at Brookley include Airbus North America Engineering (Airbus Military North America's facilities are at the Mobile Regional Airport), ST Aerospace Mobile (a division of ST Engineering), and Continental Motors. Plans for an Airbus A320 family airplane assembly plant in Mobile were formally announced by Airbus CEO Fabrice Bregier from the Mobile Convention Center on July 2, 2012.
According to Mobile's 2011 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the town/city during 2011 were: 1 Mobile County Public School System 7,795 4.58% 7 City of Mobile 2,100 1.23% 9 County of Mobile 1,460 0.86% The United States Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics unemployment rate (not cyclicly adjusted) for the Mobile Metropolitan Travel Destination was 7.5% for July 2013, compared with an unadjusted rate of 6.6% for Alabama as a whole and 7.4% for the entire nation. The old Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Passenger Terminal homes the Mobile Area Transportation Authority.
The Cochrane Africatown USA Bridge spanning the Mobile River.
Interior of the eastbound George Wallace Tunnel under the Mobile River.
Local airline passengers are served by the Mobile Regional Airport, with direct connections to four primary hub airports. It is served by American Eagle, with service to Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport and Charlotte/Douglas International Airport; United Express, with service to George Bush Intercontinental Airport and Delta Connection, with service to Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport. The Mobile Downtown Airport at the Brookley Aeroplex serves corporate, cargo, and private airplane . Mobile is served by four Class I barns s, including the Canadian National Railway (CNR), CSX Transportation (CSX), the Kansas City Southern Railway (KCS), and the Norfolk Southern Railway (NS). The Alabama and Gulf Coast Railway (AGR), a Class III barns , links Mobile to the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway (BNSF) at Amory, Mississippi.
These converge at the Port of Mobile, which provides intermodal freight transport service to companies engaged in importing and exporting.
Other barns s include the CG Railway (CGR), a rail ship service to Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, and the Terminal Railway Alabama State Docks (TASD), a switching barns . The town/city was served by Amtrak's Sunset Limited passenger train service until 2005, when the service was suspended due to the effects of Hurricane Katrina. Interstate 10 runs northeast to southwest athwart the town/city while Interstate 65 starts in Mobile at Interstate 10 and runs north.
Interstate 165 joins to Interstate 65 north of the town/city in Prichard and joins Interstate 10 in downtown Mobile. Mobile is well served by many primary highway systems.
United States Highways US 31, US 43, US 45, US 90, and US 98 radiate from Mobile traveling east, west, and north.
Mobile has three routes east athwart the Mobile River and Mobile Bay into neighboring Baldwin County, Alabama.
Mobile's enhance transit is the Wave Transit System which features buses with 18 fixed routes and neighborhood service. Baylinc is a enhance transit bus service provided by the Baldwin Rural Transit System in cooperation with the Wave Transit System that provides service between easterly Baldwin County and downtown Mobile.
Baylinc operates Monday through Friday. Greyhound Lines provides intercity bus service between Mobile and many locations throughout the United States.
The Port of Mobile has public, deepwater terminals with direct access to 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of inland and intracoastal waterways serving the Great Lakes, the Ohio and Tennessee river valleys (via the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway), and the Gulf of Mexico. The Alabama State Port Authority owns and operates the enhance terminals at the Port of Mobile. The enhance terminals handle containerized, bulk, breakbulk, roll-on/roll-off, and heavy-lift cargoes. The port is also home to private bulk terminal operators, as well as a number of highly specialized ship assembly and repair companies with two of the biggest floating dry docks on the Gulf Coast. The town/city was a home port for cruise ships from Carnival Cruise Lines. The first cruise ship to call the port home was the Holiday, which left the town/city in November 2009 so that a larger and newer ship could take its place.
The Carnival Fantasy directed from Mobile from then on until the Carnival Elation appeared in May 2010. In early 2011, Carnival announced that despite fully booked cruises, the business would cease operations from Mobile in October 2011.
This cessation of cruise service left the town/city with an annual debt service of around two million dollars related to the terminal. In September 2015, Carnival announced that the Carnival Fantasy was relocating from Miami, Florida to Mobile, Alabama after a five-year absence and would offer four and five evening cruises to Mexico that started in November 2016 through November 2017.
The four evening cruises will visit Cozumel, Mexico while the five evening cruises will extraly visit Costa Maya or Progreso. Her first departure from Mobile left on November 9, 2016 on a five evening cruise to Cozumel and Progreso.
Although Carnival Cruise Lines did not operate from Mobile after the Carnival Fantasy left in 2011, the Carnival Triumph was towed into the port following a crippling engine room fire. It was the biggest cruise ship ever to dock at the cruise terminal in Mobile. Later it was eclipsed by the Carnival Conquest, which docked in Mobile when the Port of New Orleans was temporarily closed. Larger commercial ships routinely arrive at the Port of Mobile.
See also: Media in Mobile, Alabama Mobile's Press-Register is Alabama's earliest active newspaper, first presented in 1813. The paper focuses on Mobile and Baldwin counties and the town/city of Mobile, but also serves southwestern Alabama and southeastern Mississippi. Mobile's alternative journal is the Lagniappe. The Mobile area's small-town periodical is Mobile Bay Monthly. The Mobile Beacon is an alternative focusing on the black communities of Mobile.
These include WKRG 5 (CBS), WALA 10 (Fox), WPMI 15 (NBC), WMPV 21 (religious), WDPM 23 (religious), WEIQ 42 (PBS), and WFNA 55 (CW). The region is also served by WEAR 3 (ABC), WSRE 31 (PBS), WHBR 34 (religious), WFGX 35 (My - Network - TV), WJTC 44 (independent), WFBD 48 (America One), WPAN 53 (Jewelry Television), and WAWD 58 (independent), all out of the Pensacola, Florida area. Mobile is part of the Mobile Pensacola Fort Walton Beach designated market area, as defined by Nielsen Media Research.
The content ranges from Christian Contemporary to Hip hop to Top 40. Arbitron rates Mobile's radio market as 93rd in the United States as of autumn 2007. See also: History of sports in Mobile, Alabama and Mobile Sports Hall of Fame The Dollar General Bowl, originally known as the Mobile Alabama Bowl and later the GMAC Bowl and Go - Daddy.com Bowl, has been played at Ladd-Peebles Stadium since 1999.
The University of South Alabama in Mobile established a football team in 2007, which went undefeated in its 2009 inaugural season.
Mobile's Hank Aaron Stadium is the home of the Mobile Bay - Bears minor league baseball team. South Alabama baseball also has a proud tradition, producing experienced stars such as Luis Gonzalez, Juan Pierre, Jon Lieber, Adam Lind, and David Freese.
The enhance Mobile Tennis Center includes over 50 courts, all lighted and hard-court. The Mobile Bay LPGA Classic took its place in 2008, also held at Mobile's Magnolia Grove. Mobile is home to the Azalea Trail Run, which competitions through historic midtown and downtown Mobile.
Mobile has registered sister town/city arrangements with the following cities: National Register of Historic Places listings in Mobile, Alabama Tallest buildings in Mobile "An Act to furnish for Government of the Town of Mobile.
"An Act to incorporate the City of Mobile.
"City of Mobile : Mobile Government : City Officials : Mayor".
"Mobile Alabama".
"United States Enumeration Bureau Delivers Alabama's 2010 Enumeration Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting".
"Mobile Alabama".
"Mobile Bay Industry Profile" (PDF).
"Mobile Museum of Art".
"Mobile Mardi Gras Timeline".
Mobile: The New History of Alabama's First City, pp.
Thomason (2001), Mobile, pp.
"The Old Mobile Project Newsletter" (PDF).
Old Mobile: Fort Louis de la Louisiane, 1702 1711, pages 106 107.
Museum of the City of Mobile, 1977.
Thomason (2001), Mobile, pp.
Mobile : The New History of Alabama's First City, pp.
D "Other Locations: Historic Fort Conde" (history), Museum of Mobile, Mobile, Alabama, 2006 "Mobile: Alabama's Tricentennial City".
Thomason (2001), Mobile, pp.
The Gates of Heaven: Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim, the first 150 years, Mobile, Alabama, 1844 1994.
Mobile, Alabama: Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim, pp.
Mobile, Alabama: Gill Press, 1953.
Mobile : the new history of Alabama's first city.
Mobile : The New History of Alabama's first city.
Mobile : the new history of Alabama's first city.
The Gates of Heaven: Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim, The First 150 Years, Mobile, Alabama, 1844 1994.
Mobile, Alabama: Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim.
Mobile : the new history of Alabama's first city, page 113.
The Story of Mobile, pp.
Mobile, Alabama: Gill Press, 1953.
Mobile : the new history of Alabama's first city, page 153.
Mobile : the new history of Alabama's first city, page 145.
Mobile: The New History of Alabama's First City, pages 154 169.
Mobile: The New History of Alabama's First City, pp.
Bill Patterson, "The Founding of the Industrial Development Board of the City of Mobile: The Port City's Reluctant Use of Subsidies", Gulf South Historical Review 2000 15(2): 21 40, Thomason (2001), Mobile, pp.
"Mobile Wins Title of All American City".
City of Mobile.
"Alabama: Place: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density".
"Welcome to Mobile" (PDF).
"February Daily Averages for Mobile, AL (36603)".
"August Daily Averages for Mobile, AL (36603)".
"Monthly Averages for Mobile, AL (36603)".
"USA Mobile, Alabama" (PDF).
"NWS Damage Survey Results for 20 December 2012 Tornado Across The Mobile Metropolitan Area".
"Mardi Gras in Mobile" (history), Jeff Sessions, Senator, Library of Congress, 2006, webpage: Lib - Congress-2665 "Mobile Bay Convention & Visitors Bureau".
"Trail Maids are proud ambassadors for Mobile, state".
Mobile Press Register.
Mobile Carnival Museum.
Mobile Bay Convention & Visitors Bureau.
"Mardi Gras Mobile's Paradoxical Party".
"Mobile; It Has History".
"Mobile Carnival Museum".
Joe Danborn & Cammie East, "Joe Cain Articles", Mobile Register, 2001 "Mobile Municipal Archives".
"The Mobile Genealogical Society ".
"Welcome to the Mobile Museum of Art".
Mobile Museum of Art.
Mobile Museum of Art.
"Mobile Saenger Theater History".
"Setting the Stage: Mobile Opera offers a three-show season for 2007 08".
"Bay - Fest packs $38 million punch for town/city of Mobile's economy".
"Mobile Theatre Guild".
"Historic Mobile Preservation Society".
Andrews, Casandra, Master of make-Believe, Press Register, Mobile, Alabama: January 28, 2007.
"Welcome to the Mobile Medical Museum".
Museum of Mobile.
"Mobile Police Department Museum".
Mobile, Alabama: Gill Press, 1953.
"Mobile Attractions".
Cities of Silence: A Guide to Mobile's Historic Cemeteries.
Cities of Silence: A Guide to Mobile's Historic Cemeteries.
Cities of Silence: A Guide to Mobile's Historic Cemeteries.
"Mobile (city), Alabama".
D "Alabama Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Enumeration to 1990".
G h "2010 census for Mobile, Alabama".
"Households and Families: Mobile city, Alabama".
Mobile: The New History of Alabama's First City, pp.
"Reinventing Our Community: Mobile's first black mayor points to city's progress on race".
City of Mobile.
"Mobile County Public School System".
"Mobile's Private Schools".
"Mobile Alabama Colleges and Universities".
"Bachelor Degrees Mobile Campus".
"Associate Degrees Mobile Campus".
University of Mobile.
"Mobile: Economy".
"Flotte's Notes on Mobile, Alabama".
"Alabama Senate Approves Port Funding Alabama State Port Authority Poised To Let New Container Terminal Contracts".
"Austal USA, Mobile AL Construction Record".
"Airbus Appoints Program Manager for its Mobile Assembly Line".
Mobile County wins Thyssen - Krupp plant Press-Register May 11, 2007.
"Thyssen - Krupp considers sale of steel mills in Mobile and Brazil (Update)".
"City of Mobile Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for 2011" (PDF).
City of Mobile.
"Mobile City Guide".
"Carnival Cruise Lines to deploy Elation to Mobile; could carry 170,000 passengers a year".
"Carnival, City Of Mobile Announce Year-Long Season Of Cruises From Port Of Mobile Aboard Carnival Fantasy Beginning In 2016".
"City of Mobile to charge cruise line $74,855 for docking of Carnival Triumph".
"Mobile Bay Monthly".
"5 Full-power tv stations in the Mobile Pensacola market".
"Mobile Tennis Center".
"Mobile Bay LPGA Classic\".
"Mobile's Sister Cities".
City of Mobile.
"Sister Cities: Program Links Mobile with its International Counterparts", Mobile Register, September 1, 1993 via Mobile Public Library "Mobile's Sister Cities".
"Sister City", Mobile Register, November 3, 2005 via Mobile Public Library "Twin metros/cities of the City of Kosice".
From Fort to Port: An Architectural History of Mobile, Alabama, 1711 1918 (University of Alabama Press, 1988) Carnival, American Style: Mardi Gras at New Orleans and Mobile (University of Chicago Press, 1990.) "Pink Sheets and Black Ballots: Politics and Civil Rights in Mobile, Alabama, 1945 1985." The Political Use of Racial Narratives: School Desegregation in Mobile, Alabama, 1954 97 (University of Illinois Press, 2002) Mobile: the new history of Alabama's first town/city (University of Alabama Press, 2001) Mobile, Alabama Mobile, Alabama Timeline Mobile in the Civil War Africatown Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company Battle of Fort Blakely Battle of Mobile Bay Battle of Spanish Fort Brookley Air Force Base Clotilde Mobile periodical explosion Old Mobile Site Azalea Trail Maids Bayfest Mardi Gras in Mobile Mobile Arts Council Mobile Civic Center Mobile Opera Mobile Symphony Orchestra Mystic society People from Mobile Popular culture Saenger Theatre Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley Port of Mobile Mobile Downtown Airport Mobile Regional Airport Austal USA BAE Systems Southeast Shipyards Continental Motors, Inc.
Mobile County PSS Davidson High Le - Flore Magnet High Murphy High Baker High (unincorporated area) Alabama School of Mathematics and Science Faith Academy Mc - Gill Toolen Catholic High St.
Bishop State Community College Spring Hill College University of Mobile University of South Alabama Airport Boulevard Blakeley Island Dog River Fowl River Government Street Mobile Bay Mobile River Mobile-Tensaw River Delta Old Shell Road Pinto Island Spanish River Spring Hill Toulminville National Register of Historic Places listings in Mobile Ahavas Chesed Cemetery Boyington Oak Duffie Oak Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception Catholic Cemetery Church Street Graveyard Magnolia Cemetery Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery Battleship Memorial Park (USS Alabama and USS Drum) Fort Conde Mobile Carnival Museum Mobile Museum of Art Museum of Mobile National African American Archives and Museum Oakleigh Historic Complex Richards DAR House Tallest buildings in Mobile RSA Battle House Tower RSA Bank - Trust Building Renaissance Riverview Plaza Hotel Mobile Government Plaza Mobile Marriott Regions Bank Building Wachovia Building Providence Hospital Van Antwerp Building The Battle House Hotel Articles Relating to Mobile and Mobile County Populated places established in 1702 - Cities in Alabama - Mobile, Alabama - Former colonial and territorial capitals in the United States - County seats in Alabama - Mobile urbane region - Port metros/cities and suburbs of the United States Gulf Coast - Cities in Mobile County, Alabama - Colonial United States (Spanish)French-American culture in Alabama - Populated coastal places in Alabama - 1702 establishments in New France
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